J is for Journeyman

 William Nichols 1848-1926 was recorded in 1870 as a Bootmaker - Journeyman. 

A journeyman is someone who has completed their apprenticeship but is employed by a master craftsman.  A subtle difference of  journeyman, is they could not employ anyone.

In 1871 he was recorded as Bootmaker. In 1872, William Nichols joined the Police Force. William was 24 years old when he joined the Metropolitan Police at Great Scotland Yard. His Warrant number was 55657. He was a Constable until 1883 then transferred to “S” Division with the same rank, then appointed “Acting Sergeant”. 

In 1891 the Census records the Nichols family as living at 5 Hutton Grove, in Finchley. The family were recorded as William aged 42, Sgt Metropolitan Police; Jane aged 47; William aged 20 & John aged 19 both single and employed as clerks. Ellen aged 17, Ernest aged 16 employed as a Colour Oilmans Assistant, Jane aged 14 and Wilfred aged 11 a scholar and obviously still at school.  

H is for Hotelkeeper

Henry Ponting was a hotelkeeper living at Temora, north-east of the Riverina. Ponting was originally from Bristol migrating to Australia, in the 1850s, probably during the goldrush period. His first marriage was to Maud Foster in 1858 and Henry was registered as a hotelkeeper.

Following the death of his first wife in 1882, he then married Louisa Richey in 1884, who was 20 years old, more than 30 years his junior.

Their children were Florence Amelia born 1886, my Great Grandmother, Harry Francis 1888, Alice Maude 1890, Phoebe Louisa 1892 and Lily May 1893 and at each of the births, Henry’s occupation was recorded as hotelkeeper.

IN BANKRUPTCY. (1897, May 21). NSW Government Gazette, p. 3533. 

Just a few years after Lily’s birth, Louisa left Temora and took her children and moved to Sydney. Lily was only about 4 years old at the time. Louisa had either met Alfred Petty in Temora or moved to Sydney, as she was pregnant with his child by 1898. Louisa and Alfred had four children born between 1899 and 1905. 

In 1896, Henry Ponting was bankrupt, he died on 3 April 1903 at Temora.  Louisa and Alfred were free to marry, which they did, six months later, in 1903 in Sydney.  

This is my contribution to the Blogging from A to Z Challenge (#AtoZChallenge)

G is for GOLDMINER

Someone who looks for gold can be described as a goldminer or gold-digger. They can mine, dig or pan for gold in a gold field, not many are successful!! There are several gold-diggers in my family tree including members of the Jennings and Ponting families.

Robert and Eliza Jennings arrived as immigrants from England and by the mid-1840s were settled in Araluen, near Braidwood. By the early 1850s gold was discovered along Araluen Creek and the village expanded with hundreds of people wanting to strike it rich.

John Jennings was a son of Robert and Eliza. He resided in Araluen with his family and when he was 19 years old, he was recorded as a gold miner. He was obviously working his claim, in the vicinity of Upper Araluen. when he was "crushed by the falling in of a bank of earth" one of the dangers of mining. The Kiama Independent reported the accident on the 14 November 1867:

FATAL ACCIDENT - the Araluen correspondent of the Braidwood Dispatch states that a frightful and fatal accident occurred at Upper Araluen, to a man of the name of John Jennings. The deceased was excavating a bank, and while doing so a portion fell upon him before he could get out of the way; the quantity that fell was small, not above two or three wheelbarrow loads, but it jammed him up against a solid wall of granite, and caused such inward injuries as to produce death in about two hours, during which period deceased suffered the most excruciating agony. Dr. Redhead was in attendance, but pronounced the case hopeless. The deceased was between nineteen and twenty years of age, and was much respected.

There was a Coroner’s Inquest held on 31 October 1867, before Mr J. G. Pattison at Araluen. John was buried in the Araluen Cemetery, possibly close to his younger brother Charles who died in 1859 aged 10 weeks. There are no headstones 

John Jennings death certificate, 1867  

This is my contribution to the Blogging from A to Z Challenge (#AtoZChallenge)

F is for FARMER

Being a farmer was a very popular occupation during the 18th and 19th centuries. This job entailed the running of a property, commonly known as a farm. He would grow crops and possibly breed livestock such as cattle or beef. 

There are a number of people located in the tree, with an occupation described as farmer including Thomas Andrew Smith 1842-1911; Hugh Richey 1835-1920 and Timothy Mannix 1803-1887.

 

James Pendergast's death certificate, 1865
Nichols Family Archives 

James Pendergast was the son of John Pendergast, an Irish convict, who arrived on the "Minerva" in 1800 and Jane Williams off the "Nile" 1801. James was born about 1803 and married Sophia Hancey in 1828 and is recorded as living at Lower Portland on the Hawkesbury River. 

Both James, his father as well as his brothers were listed as "farmers" in various census, church registers and correspondence.

Sophia died in 1845 and just two years later, married Susannah Cunneen. His death certificate confirms his occupation as well as his father's.

This is my contribution to the Blogging from A to Z Challenge (#AtoZChallenge) 

E is for ENGINEER

William Henry Nichols was the first born of William and Eliza Nichols, born in 1870 and my Great Grandfather, Ernest Nichols, brother.  When William was 21 he was listed as a clerk in the 1891 Census but by the time of the 1901 Census he was recorded as an Engineer.

In 1897 William married Pricilla Baltus and they had two sons. By 1899 they were living on Jersey but his 10 month old son, William Baltus, died in 1899 and wife Pricilla died in 1907.

In the 1911 and 1921 Census William was listed as an Engineer. He married a second time in 1909 to Mary Mabel Maud Single and another six children were born.  

Family stories state he worked on laying the underground cable across the channel. In 2010 I located information about William Thomas Henley's Telegraph works which provided details of William's employment with the Cable Manufacturer. Henley was also a pioneer of manufacturing telegraph and telephone cables. Henley died in 1882 before William worked at the company but the business continued for some years.

He was employed as a junior at the Telegraph Works Company Ltd in 1892. By 1895 he was transferred to the Estimating Department at North Woolwich and became the Department Head in 1900. He transferred to  the Contract estimating and appointed department Head. He was appointed with a silver rose bowl by the company in 1927, after being employed for 35 years. The high-profile company began making submarine cable in the 1850s. They also produced underground cables for the London United tramways. There is more about the company here  

W. T. Henley’s Telegraph Works Company Ltd, 1880-1932 scrapbook compiled by B. N. Purdie

Held at Porthcurno Telegraph Museum

William died 1 October 1934. His estate was worth £13,424.

This is my contribution to the Blogging from A to Z Challenge (#AtoZChallenge)

D is for DECORATOR

At various times throughout his life, William Richardson’s occupation is listed as Decorator or painter. A family story, passed down several generations, noted he worked on decorating the interior of churches, but nothing is particularly clear.

William was born around 1832 in Newcastle on Tyne, Northumberland. In 1862 he was living in Poynton and on 30 January 1862, aged 30, he married Mary Potts in the Parish Church at Poynton, Chester following banns. Mary was ten years younger. On the marriage certificate William is listed as a decorator.

UK Marriage certificate William Richardson & Mary Potts 1862

The couple moved to London after their marriage and they had a large family, including my great grandmother Annie, born in 1882 and her sister Amy born in 1878. In the 1871 Census he a was listed as a painter, in 1881, he was recorded as a decorator.

In 1888 Mary succumbed to Uterine cancer. William remarried the following year to Caroline Elstone formerly Lelliott. They married in St. John’s Church in Fulham in 1889. William was recorded as a 55-year-old widower, and a church decorator. 

William Richardson born ca 1832 & died between 1904-1908

In 1891, William was away from home, visiting in South Bersted, Bognor West Sussex. He was still recorded as a “decorator” and may have been quoting for a job, or visiting family or friends. William Richardson died some time between 1904 and 1908.

Painters and decorators were experts in their field. They were usually involved in painting and making use of decorative materials to beautify. It would be interesting to know what William's job entailed and if there are any examples surviving. 

This is my contribution to the Blogging from A to Z Challenge (#AtoZChallenge)

C is for COALMINER or COLLIER

My Leach ancestors were from a long line of coalminers.

John Leach was born in Wales, Hawarden Flint to be exact, way back in 1819. He was the son of William Leach, a collier, and Anne nee Ellis. John followed in his father’s footsteps and headed down the mines. 

Baptism of John Leach in 1819. Courtesy Cheshire Public Records.

Throughout the 18th century, coal mining was industrious in northern Wales however production waned in the 1800s and many Welsh miners migrated eastwards to the coal producing counties of Northumberland and Durham here was a huge demand for coal due to the Industrial Revolution. By 1849 John Leach was working in Durham and married Ann Moore in Brick Garth, Hougton Le Hole. A few years later they migrated to Australia. 

By 1861 the Leach family were residing in Wallsend, near Newcastle NSW, well-known for its coal deposits. It was here my great Grandfather John William, was born in 1862.  John passed away on in 1868 from the miner's lung disease, pyaemia. 

West Wallsend Colliery, 1888. Courtesy State Records NSW

John William commenced work at the Wallsend Colliery when he was 14 years old and he worked there until his death, in his 59th year, in 1920.  My Grandfather Bill remembers waiting at the colliery gate as a young boy and walking home with father and his miner friends. 

Mining was a dangerous occupation in the 18th and 19th centuries.  Fatalities due to accidents and underground explosions were very common and the average life expectancy was short. His death was recorded as tuberculosis which silicosis was often confused with. He left four children aged from 4 to 12 years.

Original birth certificate of John William Leach in 1910. 

 There is more about the Leach family here if you are interested.